Introduction. The accepted practice of anthrax prevention among animals in the territory of the Russian Federation includes a number of measures aimed at accounting for soil foci of anthrax and monitoring their veterinary and sanitary condition, as well as vaccination of all susceptible livestock, with the exception of wild susceptible animals in a state of natural freedom. To date, the establishment of sanitary protection zones of anthrax graves based on a comprehensive assessment of their epidemiological and epizootological danger is considered as an additional method of preventing this disease. The paper reveals the issues of the formation of immunity in animals with anthrax; methods of vaccination on the territory of the Udmurt Republic, as well as an analysis of the vaccination rate of farm animals susceptible to anthrax, located in the approximate sizes of sanitary protection zones of 44 soil foci of anthrax located on the territory of the Udmurt Republic, for which projects have been developed to establish reduced sizes sanitary protection zones. Purpose ‒ to determine the level of vaccination of farm animals susceptible to anthrax located in the territories adjacent to 44 anthrax graves located on the territory of the Udmurt Republic. Materials and methods. The materials for the study were the reporting data of the Main Veterinary Department of the Udmurt Republic, information provided by local governments of Udmurtia, as well as accounting, reporting and archival data of the state veterinary service of the region. The approximate sanitary protection zones of 44 anthrax graves with a radius of 1000 m were analyzed. Results, discussion. It has been established that the vaccination rate of farm animals susceptible to anthrax in the territories adjacent to anthrax graves is at a level not reaching 35 %, both in the private and public sectors of the Udmurt Republic. Conclusion. The coverage of preventive vaccination of livestock of farm animals located in sanitary protection zones of anthrax graves and susceptible to anthrax in the Udmurt Republic remains at a low level, which may provoke the occurrence of anthrax in the region.