The aim of the study is to optimize the nutrient regime of sod-podzolic soils, which allows us to get 3 tons of grain of spring barley per hectare. To achieve this goal it was necessary to solve following tasks: to identify the influence of predecessors and fertilizers on the nutritive regime of the soil, the yield of spring barley and to determine the profitability of fertilizers in the production of barley grain. Research was conducted by the method of two-field experience and laboratory testing according to generally accepted and recommended methods for the zone. The experimental setup: A factor – precursor of barley (1 – winter triticale, 2 – potatoes); Factor B – doses of mineral fertilizers (1 – without fertilizer, 2 – N60P60, 3 – N60K60, 4 – P60K60, 5 – N60P60K60). According to the system of fertilizers in crop rotation in the cultivation of winter triticale presowing cultivation was added to the programmable N65P70K60 yield 3 t/ha, and for potatoes – 40 tons of manure for plowing and presowing cultivation N85P50K50 on soft yield of 30 t/ha. Regardless predecessor the maximum content of nitrate in soil was observed at the tillering stage and then decreased sharply, the interests of plants of spring barley nitrogen nutrition was when placed in the rotation after potatoes. During sprouting barley plants were better ensured the availability of phosphorus and exchange potassium nutrition when placing barley after potatoes. Due to the use of nutrients by plants to the phase of ripening of the grain, their content in the soil decreased. The use of mineral fertilizers for sowing cultivation contributed to the improvement of the nutrient status of the soil and availability of nutrients of plants. Finally it can be summed up by saying that by adjusting the precursor and certain combinations of fertilizers can significantly to improve the nutrient regime of sod-podzolic soil, improve the efficiency of fertilizers and increase crop production. For spring barley yield 3 t/ha at cultivation on sod-podzolic soil with a high content of phosphorus and potassium was placed after the crop of potatoes and used under N60P60K60 sowing cultivation.